Definition of Planing

From the WS Rule 42 guidance to jurors and sailors for the Europe class:

DOWNWIND
1. Pumping
Pumping breaches are most likely to occur on reach and downwind legs. Both body pumping and sheet pumping are not permitted by 42.3(c)
Permitted actions:
• Trimming a sail in order to trim the boat in the prevailing conditions – PUMP 2
• Pumping a sail once per wave or gust of wind to initiate surfing or planing, but to qualify as surfing the boat must rapidly accelerate down the front of the wave – 42.3(c)
Prohibited actions:
• Repeatedly trimming a sail in order to fan it – PUMP 1
• Body pumping causing repeated flicks of the leach – PUMP 6
• Pumping a sail when already surfing or planing – PUMP 12
• A third consecutive unsuccessful attempt is prohibited – PUMP 8
Gathering evidence:
• Are there surfing or planing conditions?
• Does one pump per wave or gust of wind initiating surfing or planing?
• Is the boat pumping while already surfing or planing?
• Could the trim and release be a response to wind shifts, gusts or waves?
• Is the repeated trim and release fanning the sail?
• On a reach body pumping may best be seen from behind and to leeward of the Europe, in order to observe the athwartships body movement and the effect it has on the leach.
2. Rocking
After the start “S” sailing leads to the most critical breaches of the rule 42 in Europe Class in the run. Europe sailors sailing downwind change course continuously by luffing and bearing away using their bodies to facilitate steering the boat. This is allowed under rule 42.3(a) as long as there are waves and the boat changes course in phase with them. The amount of heeling must be consistent with the amount the boat turns. The best position for judges to observe both the effect of body movement on the boat and any steering by the sailor is from directly astern.
Permitted actions:
• Heeling the boat to leeward to facilitate heading up and heeling the boat to windward to facilitate bearing away, provided it is linked to wave patterns and the amount of boat’s heeling is consistent with the boat’s turn – ROCK 6
• Adopting static crew position when the boat’s stability is reduced – ROCK 4
Prohibited actions:
• Repeated rolling of the boat that is not linked to wave patterns – ROCK 7
• Repeated rolling of the boat in the absence of waves. - ROCK 7
• Repeated rolling of the boat in order to facilitate steering by making big body movements followed by the small change of course that in turn induces rocking – ROCK 6
• Standing up when making legal rolling and sitting down hard at the completion of the roll clearly propelling the boat – BASIC 4
• Single body movement followed by repeated rolling especially after inducing a roll to windward and before the roll is completed moving the body inward to counteract against it – ROCK 5
• In light air, inducing rolling by rhythmic repeated movements of the shoulder or head when sitting inside the boat on the traveller, with the centreboard out of the water and a loose leech
Gathering evidence:
• Is the competitor causing the boat to roll?
• Is the rolling helping the steering of the boat?
• Are there conditions for rolling the boat to facilitate steering?
• Is the amount of heeling consistent with the boat’s turn?
• Is it linked to the wave patterns?

Definition of planing I heard when nobbut a nipper - aeons ago - was a boat overtaking it’s bow wave.

Or we could just use this, which is probably widest accepted version of 'planing' or to plane:

Originally posted by Peaky I don’t know. I don’t think these 200s are, but others may disagree. 200s planing?

They're not planing, planing as I understood it was less than half of the boat/board in contact with the water having overtaken the bow wave.

I don't think I've ever truly planed in the sense I know planing in a dinghy except once on a very very windy leg in an L3k with my crew flat wiring and a beam reach, it did occasionally come fully unstuck.

All that nonesense aboy Blazes 'planing' upwind for example just brings a smile.

Someone find me a picture or movie clip of a dinghy planing please.. even this little Farr, which is 3.7 long and quite light on the odd occasion i have fully wound it up, it doesn't come right unstuck.

It's one thing that great white elephant v2 did, on flat water it did shift rockers as it was supposed to and came unstuck.

The biggest problem as I see it for dinghies is the tremendous down force the rig applies to the nose, even if you do break free, the very next wave and the nose buries and off the plane you come. Even those over powered out of control cherubs you see tail walking, I wouldn't define that as planing in the true sense.

I don’t know. I don’t think these 200s are, but others may disagree.

200s planing?