Masthead Bouyancy
Printed From: Yachts and Yachting Online
Category: Dinghy classes
Forum Name: Dinghy development
Forum Discription: The latest moves in the dinghy market
URL: http://www.yachtsandyachting.com/forum/forum_posts.asp?TID=2643
Printed Date: 18 Aug 25 at 12:30pm Software Version: Web Wiz Forums 9.665y - http://www.webwizforums.com
Topic: Masthead Bouyancy
Posted By: The Moo
Subject: Masthead Bouyancy
Date Posted: 30 Jan 07 at 1:17pm
Our Club is considering fixing masthead buoyancy to its hire fleet. The fleet comprises of GP14s, which tend to turtle. The rest are singlehanders including Comets, Laser and Toppers which don't. There are also some old Zephyr (aluminium hull tender type boats with topper syle rigs) which are difficult to capsize, but when they do from memory are a bit unpredictable.
Is there a suitable bespoke product out there similar to what one see's on the top of holiday fleet Cats? Would prefer something more professional than tieing on plastic containers.
Views or shared experiences would be most welcome.
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Replies:
Posted By: getafix
Date Posted: 30 Jan 07 at 2:44pm
the key point here is "hire fleet" - you are right that tying on
plastic containers doesn't look great but they pretty cheap and very
low maintenance - there's a lot of sailing schools out there still
doing it for those reasons ....
------------- Feeling sorry for vegans since it became the latest fad to claim you are one
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Posted By: robinft
Date Posted: 30 Jan 07 at 3:24pm
Have a look at the float that Laser offer on their new Bahia.
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Posted By: Guests
Date Posted: 30 Jan 07 at 4:20pm
Had a look at Masthead floats last year and bought the Crewsaver 9 litre jobby for our Laser II. It didn't stop inversions particularly with a wind against tide situation, the best it did was slow them down very slightly.
The RYA 2005 paper on dinghy entrapments makes an interesting read :-
"30 – 40 litres of air at the masthead appeared to prevent inversions in a range of boats and conditions during trials, with no evidence of masts breaking. The impact on sailing performance is minimal for basic training and coaching. Undoubtedly significantly less buoyancy would be effective in many boats, but a fast windward capsize can result in very rapid inversions. 20 litres was insufficient on many classes."
Crewsaver do a 40 litre one but what that would do for performance or rigging on a dinghy I don't know.
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Posted By: JimC
Date Posted: 30 Jan 07 at 4:41pm
The other thing you need to consider is that if you are sailing on open water then masthead floats dramatically increase the risk of the crew losing contact with the boat after a capsize, since in a reasonable breeze the boat will blow downwind faster than someone can swim.
This has happened to me, and since the nasty fifteen minutes I spent in the Solent watching a boat drift half a mile or more away from me I will never again have a boat that doesn't invert within reasonable swimming distance. (And many thanks to Gosport Inshore rescue)
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Posted By: The Moo
Date Posted: 30 Jan 07 at 5:47pm
We sail on a puddle so drift not an issue. Would want to keep things looking professional so as not to put the punters off, hence the request for info on a bespoke solution.
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Posted By: radixon
Date Posted: 30 Jan 07 at 6:12pm
It may be a more expensive option, but you might have to get a laser sail "made" to incorporate a flotation device.
The track run sails, ie the GP14 can be modified easily using the Crewsaver option with a tiedown point riveted to the mast.
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Posted By: 49erGBR735HSC
Date Posted: 30 Jan 07 at 8:01pm
The majority of masthead floatation devices which I've seen on boats such as the Topper range (Omega) etc, Laser Stratos don't work. Our local sailing school puts inflatable bouys on the top of their Omega masts as they know that the masthead bouyancy devices designed into the boat don't work. The Stratos float was just a hassle whilst raising the sails and didn't really help keep the mast floating.
------------- Dennis Watson 49er GBR735 http://www.helensburghsailingclub.co.uk/ -
Helensburgh S.C
http://www.noblemarine.co.uk/home.php3?affid=560 - Boat Insurance from Noble Marine
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Posted By: MRJP BUZZ 585
Date Posted: 30 Jan 07 at 9:06pm
I have two milk containers tied to the top of mine, may not look pretty but is a cheap option, it doesn't stop the boat turtling but does considerably slow it down
------------- Josh Preater
http://www.bu22.co.uk"> BUZZING IS FUN
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Posted By: craig-m
Date Posted: 30 Jan 07 at 9:14pm
A contender sailor at our club tied a 5 litre squash bottle to the top of his mast. I can't remember if it stopped the boat turtling completely but i know it helped him alot!
------------- RS300 406 http://www.dysailing.com - DERBYSHIRE YOUTH SAILING
http://www.burtonsailingclub.co.uk - Burton Sailing CLub
Sailing: The only sport that's called off for nice weather
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Posted By: Hobbo
Date Posted: 30 Jan 07 at 9:22pm
The foil bags within boxes of wine. Fun to obtain and very effective. 
If you tie them right they shouldnt interfere with raising the sail.
------------- Contender GBR 362
Osprey 1318 - IVplay
SSC
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Posted By: owain
Date Posted: 30 Jan 07 at 10:07pm
We used to sail our 49er with a milk bottle on the top, it didnt stop us goin turtle, but gave us a extra few seconds to get onto the centreboard. I know of a few solo sailers who take off the heel plug on the mast, and fill them with ping pong balls and then put it back on, seems to work a treat, and they are completely hidden and dont obstruct with halyards ect. worth a try id say!
------------- Owain H
49er GBR055
Fireball 14291
Plymouth Uni Sailing Club & Chelmarsh Sailing Club
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Posted By: English Dave
Date Posted: 30 Jan 07 at 11:41pm
Originally posted by JimC
The other thing you need to consider is that if you are sailing on open water then masthead floats dramatically increase the risk of the crew losing contact with the boat after a capsize, since in a reasonable breeze the boat will blow downwind faster than someone can swim.
This has happened to me, and since the nasty fifteen minutes I spent in the Solent watching a boat drift half a mile or more away from me I will never again have a boat that doesn't invert within reasonable swimming distance. (And many thanks to Gosport Inshore rescue) |
You have mentioned this before on other threads, Jim and I'm curious to know what boat it was that got away from you. I had a similar experience when I first sailed a Vortex on Belfst Lough - and that was without mast floatation! I didn't actually need rescuing but many thanks to al the curtain-twitchers of Ballyholme for calling out the RLNI anyway!
For boats that float very high in the water when on their side I can see your reasoning. A GP doesn't fall into that category, I think so they should be all right.
------------- English Dave
http://www.ballyholme.com - Ballyholme Yacht Club
(You'd think I'd be better at it by now)
Hurricane 5.9 SX
RS700
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Posted By: JimC
Date Posted: 31 Jan 07 at 7:17am
Originally posted by English Dave
You have mentioned this before on other threads, Jim and I'm curious to know what boat it was that got away from you. |
The worst experience was in a Cherub, but I've noticed that a Canoe will get away too. Bethwaite says that he started making sure his boats inverted by design after two fatalities in Port Philip bay in Aus, I think in Moths. But any boat with sidetanks will blow away reasonably fast : try it in a Force4 in anything you care...
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Posted By: dopamine
Date Posted: 31 Jan 07 at 11:57am
Originally posted by 49erGBR735HSC
The majority of masthead floatation devices which I've seen on boats such as the Topper range (Omega) etc, Laser Stratos don't work. Our local sailing school puts inflatable bouys on the top of their Omega masts as they know that the masthead bouyancy devices designed into the boat don't work. The Stratos float was just a hassle whilst raising the sails and didn't really help keep the mast floating. |
The Topper masthead floats do work in that they slow the inversion. If one of you can get on the board quickly then they do actually help keep the boat balanced and it can be easily righted by a fairly light person. If you go in for a windward capsize (as in numpty helm losing his grip of the sheet) then it's gonna turtle.
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Posted By: 49erGBR735HSC
Date Posted: 31 Jan 07 at 8:25pm
More often than not, people who are learning to sail or relatively inexperienced aren't "quick" enough, hence the reason I've probably seen a good few Topper boats with inflatable floats up the mast instead of the designed system. I'd bet it's even written into some centres standard operating procedures to use the alternative method. Jim makes a very good point, I don't think there is anything wrong with boats inverting on coastal locations, especially when they are quite bulky and have an air pocket underneath them when inverted.
------------- Dennis Watson 49er GBR735 http://www.helensburghsailingclub.co.uk/ -
Helensburgh S.C
http://www.noblemarine.co.uk/home.php3?affid=560 - Boat Insurance from Noble Marine
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Posted By: Ian99
Date Posted: 31 Jan 07 at 8:55pm
Originally posted by 49erGBR735HSC
More often than not, people who are learning to sail or relatively inexperienced aren't "quick" enough
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I'd agree with that, it's usually the weight of the people on the boat that make the boat invert. The resistance of the sail going through the water means that you've probably got at least 30 seconds on pretty much any boat if nobody is hanging onto it before it goes beyond lying on its side. Having got back into a Laser recently after sailing boats a lot less wobbly on the run, I've had a couple of fast windward capsizes (the sort which make people look round because of the "Bang" as the mast hits the water!). Neither time did the boat turtle, probably because I went straight into the water, underneath the gunwhale (under the water) and onto the centreboard rather than attempting a "dry" capsize. However, for unsupervised novices such as people hiring club boats, particularly on a shallow lake, a large inflatable item tied to the top of the mast is a good idea as otherwise the rescue boats spend all day towing masts out of the mud. It doesn't do the sails much good either!
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Posted By: tickel
Date Posted: 31 Jan 07 at 9:48pm
It is interesting to hear that Frank Bethwaite intends his designs to invert "for safety reasons". Perhaps he should pay for our 2 Tasar topmasts rather than Noble.
------------- tickel
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Posted By: 49erGBR735HSC
Date Posted: 01 Feb 07 at 10:17am
Think for classes like the 49er, 29er etc, designing the boat to invert is a very safe design feature. The 49er especially has a lot of windage when on its side, probably higher than quite a few dinghy classes, so if you go over and the boat stays on its side, unless you are in constant contact with the boat, it will sail away from you at a considerable rate when the wind is up. Not so much a problem on a pond but a serious issue on a coastal location. Tidal drift can also be a problem, although a boat will tend to drift with the tide relative to your own body's drift, therefore, wind created drift poses the most danger. Isn't so much of an issue with the Tasar, although they are beamy and quite susceptible to wind drift, but as Jim says, doesn't really matter which boat you sail in certain wind conditions, they will all drift on their side. The difference is that if a crew memeber becomes detached from a capsized boat, it's fairly easy to right something like a Tasar single handed and sail after them to pick them up. Trying that manouvere in a 49er when it has been windy enough to force you over may be beyond the limits of most sailors, hence why minimalising the likelihood of crew dettachment is very important.
------------- Dennis Watson 49er GBR735 http://www.helensburghsailingclub.co.uk/ -
Helensburgh S.C
http://www.noblemarine.co.uk/home.php3?affid=560 - Boat Insurance from Noble Marine
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Posted By: JimC
Date Posted: 01 Feb 07 at 11:58am
Originally posted by tickel
Perhaps he should pay for our 2 Tasar topmasts rather than Noble. |
I think Noble would rather pay out for 1,000 top masts rather than 2 fatalities... The latter makes for very serious sized claims.
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Posted By: tickel
Date Posted: 01 Feb 07 at 5:52pm
Oh, OK then. Thank you Frank (for thinking of me).
------------- tickel
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Posted By: Medway Maniac
Date Posted: 01 Feb 07 at 7:25pm
If boats were just designed with much less buoyancy off the centreline they'd float lower on their sides when capsized with lots of hull immersed, and
a) drift much more slowly,
b) allow you to climb on the c'board more easily, and
c) have less tendency (or need) to invert.
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Posted By: Villan
Date Posted: 01 Feb 07 at 7:30pm
But wont they scoop more water in when they come back upright?
------------- Vareo - 149 "Secrets"
http://www.TandyUKServers.co.uk" rel="nofollow - TandyUK Servers
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Posted By: les5269
Date Posted: 01 Feb 07 at 7:55pm
Originally posted by Villan
But wont they scoop more water in when they come back upright?
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Open transom? 
------------- 49er 531 & 5000 5025 and a mirror(now gone to mirror heaven)!
http://www.grafham.org/" rel="nofollow - Grafham water Sailing Club The greatest inland sailing in the country
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Posted By: JimC
Date Posted: 01 Feb 07 at 8:45pm
Originally posted by les5269
Open transom? |
An open transom only works if you've got enough buoyancy in the floor tanks to support the crew weight with the boat static above the water. If you've got that much buoyancy the boat is going to be high enough to drift, when here's no one in it (at least if its reasonably light) even if its just in floor tanks...
A big argument for side tanks is that they mean that there's plenty of air under the boat if inverted. My last Cherub (not the one that drifted down the Solent) had generous sidetanks as well as the floor tanks, which meant if you chucked it in inverted with the kite up you could just duck under into the air gap to take the kite down while the other crew member was climbing up on top of the boat to get ready to pull it up.
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Posted By: boatshed
Date Posted: 01 Feb 07 at 9:24pm
Getting on the plate/board of a high floating ( on their side) dinghy from the water is very hard, especially after a swim and after a long, hard race. Inverting the boat, pretty much stops the drift and most importantly, allows one crew member to clamber on board the upturned hull, grab the plate and ride the board from inverted to on its side. It also gives the other crew time to lock on to the leeward shroud as the boat comes up.
Modern boats with double bottoms all float high on their side and some older boats do so, such as Tasars with big side tanks. Even Larks have been "improved" with bigger tanks and float higher. Add sealed masts or floatation equipment into the equation and capsizing in a big wind at sea is bad news.
I can't believe seeing "novices" using mast head floats on their RS700s etc and heading off to sea to practice alone.
If Bethwaite states that inverting is for safety, then we should listen very carefully. I for one are in complete agreement and that is from someone who falls asleep at H & S briefings
------------- Steve
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Posted By: boatshed
Date Posted: 01 Feb 07 at 9:30pm
Originally posted by 49erGBR735HSC
More often than not, people who are learning to sail or relatively inexperienced aren't "quick" enough |
I've been physically thrown off boats that have violently capsized and ended up 20 yards away from boat. Being quick enough is not an issue. The only thing that is quick is how fast one becomes separated from the boat.
------------- Steve
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Posted By: Medway Maniac
Date Posted: 01 Feb 07 at 10:58pm
Originally posted by JimC
Originally posted by les5269
Open transom? | An open transom only works if you've got enough buoyancy in the floor tanks to support the crew weight with the boat static above the water. If you've got that much buoyancy the boat is going to be high enough to drift, when there's no one in it (at least if its reasonably light) even if its just in floor tanks...
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Not if you have hull-bottom-depth foot wells for the boat's crew, which reduce the buoyancy in the capsized condition. A couple of bailers very quickly get rid of the water in the wells when upright and underway, aided by the flotation provided by the surrounding double-bottom.
A real bonus of this arrangement is that the crew members have their feet low during manoeuvres, greatly aiding stability and ease of just standing up, not to mention making it easy to get under a lower boom; the Fireball benefits from this aspect when the wind's honking. Not so good for running from wire to wire on skiffy boats, obviously, but we don't all sail those boats (or run across them if we do!)
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Posted By: 49erGBR735HSC
Date Posted: 02 Feb 07 at 12:31pm
Originally posted by boatshed
Originally posted by 49erGBR735HSC
More often than not, people who are learning to sail or relatively inexperienced aren't "quick" enough |
I've been physically thrown off boats that have violently capsized and ended up 20 yards away from boat. Being quick enough is not an issue. The only thing that is quick is how fast one becomes separated from the boat.
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True, but were the boats you were thrown from violently boats designed conservatively like the Omega, Stratos, etc? I've been thrown violently from my craft but wouldn't expect it from a craft which I was teaching from. Being quick enough on a High Performance boat varies extremely from being quick enough on a training boat. You have more time to react in a less high performance design, but my initial point is that sometimes that time is not long enough for people unfamiliar to the sport and that the mast head systems which the boats come out of the factory with don't increase the time for people to react to a long enough period, and up to a certain degree, give novices false confidence as they feel that the mast head systems are a fail safe for preventing the boat from inverting.
------------- Dennis Watson 49er GBR735 http://www.helensburghsailingclub.co.uk/ -
Helensburgh S.C
http://www.noblemarine.co.uk/home.php3?affid=560 - Boat Insurance from Noble Marine
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Posted By: English Dave
Date Posted: 02 Feb 07 at 2:15pm
On the Vortex I ended up tying a snap-shackle to the end of the mainsheet and attaching it to the spreader bar on my harness. I used a snap shackle for safety as I wanted quick-release in an emergency. It's a boat that floats high and has a large windage on its side. I found that helped a lot.
Still confused Jim. I can see your point re a Moth but are you saying that both you and your crew/helm were thrown 20 yds from the Cherub? The person left behind generally acts as a pretty good sea-anchor. We have had some pretty violent pitchpoles on the Hurricane at 20+ kts but we have never had a case when we have both ended up seperated from the boat. Cats blow away faster than most but cat masts are sealed to slow inversion. Anyone who has tried to bring a Hurricane59 back from a turtle will know the effort involved.
From memory the Stratos has an open transom but also has "flood tanks"which enable the boat to sit lower in the water when on its side. The idea being that it would be easier to climb onto a lower centerboard. As soon as the boat is righted the water drains from these tanks into the cockpit and out the back.
------------- English Dave
http://www.ballyholme.com - Ballyholme Yacht Club
(You'd think I'd be better at it by now)
Hurricane 5.9 SX
RS700
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Posted By: JimC
Date Posted: 02 Feb 07 at 4:34pm
Originally posted by English Dave
thrown 20 yds from the Cherub? |
Yep. neither of us had contact with the boat.
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Posted By: Guest
Date Posted: 02 Feb 07 at 6:47pm
Originally posted by JimC
Originally posted by English Dave
thrown 20 yds from the Cherub? | Yep. neither of us had contact with the boat. |
Thrown 20 yards ... come on 3-4 yards perhaps ...
Even on the 18ft'er vids they don't go that far on a major wipe out ...
Rick
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Posted By: JimC
Date Posted: 02 Feb 07 at 7:16pm
*I* never said 20 yards. 3 feet is quite enough if the boat is drifting faster than you can swim.
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Posted By: boatshed
Date Posted: 02 Feb 07 at 7:34pm
By the time both crew surface, make contact with each other and check where the boat is, it is very possible to end up 20 yards away.
Maybe mast head floats are ok when used on small inland waters with rescue cover. But out to sea in a decent breeze, in a boat where you may have to look after your self, then no way. And a single hander with a mast float in these conditions - mad.
------------- Steve
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Posted By: Guest
Date Posted: 02 Feb 07 at 7:49pm
20 yards seperation sure - but thrown 20 yards ... no way ....
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Posted By: CurlyBen
Date Posted: 04 Feb 07 at 10:01pm
Originally posted by English Dave
From memory the Stratos has an open transom but also has "flood tanks"which enable the boat to sit lower in the water when on its side. The idea being that it would be easier to climb onto a lower centerboard. As soon as the boat is righted the water drains from these tanks into the cockpit and out the back. |
Yep. They make it hard to right and also have stuctural issues according to some people I've spoken with if those tanks are allowed to completley fill - the inner bulkheads can't stand the pressure and so leak. From my experience of Stratos' I don't think it's unlikely. I've also righted a Stratos and had to hang off the trap wire at full stretch for about 5 minutes whilst waiting for the water to drain from the tank. I really don't like the idea of having enclosed water free to move around in a boat. If the buoyancy isn't needed don't enclose the space.
------------- RS800 GBR848
Weston SC
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Posted By: Matt Jackson
Date Posted: 05 Feb 07 at 12:58pm
Back on thread... our training Wayfarers have a triangular bouyancy 'pad' of closed cell foam sewn into the head of the sail which measures about 400mm along the luff. Not sure how effective they are though.
------------- Laser 203001, Harrier (H+) 36
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Posted By: CT249
Date Posted: 05 Feb 07 at 9:13pm
Originally posted by JimC
Originally posted by English Dave
You have mentioned this before on other threads, Jim and I'm curious to know what boat it was that got away from you. |
The worst experience was in a Cherub, but I've noticed that a Canoe will get away too. Bethwaite says that he started making sure his boats inverted by design after two fatalities in Port Philip bay in Aus, I think in Moths. But any boat with sidetanks will blow away reasonably fast : try it in a Force4 in anything you care... |
I think I've read through every issue of all the sailing mags in Australia in that period, and yet I have never seen the slightest reference to those fatalities apart from those made by FDB. Frank is a man of honesty and integrity, of course, but until more evidence comes to light it may be asked whether this was a rumour he heard, rather than a fact.
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Posted By: I luv Wight
Date Posted: 05 Feb 07 at 9:19pm
Originally posted by Medway Maniac
If boats were just designed with much less buoyancy off the centreline they'd float lower on their sides when capsized with lots of hull immersed, and
a) drift much more slowly,
b) allow you to climb on the c'board more easily, and
c) have less tendency (or need) to invert.
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The Optimist is designed exactly like this - easy to right, easy to get in, stable when righted (full of water), but of course then you need a big bucket!
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Posted By: MRJP BUZZ 585
Date Posted: 05 Feb 07 at 9:37pm
Originally posted by I luv Wight
Originally posted by Medway Maniac
If boats were just designed with much less buoyancy off the centreline they'd float lower on their sides when capsized with lots of hull immersed, and
a) drift much more slowly,
b) allow you to climb on the c'board more easily, and
c) have less tendency (or need) to invert.
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The Optimist is designed exactly like this - easy to right, easy to get in, stable when righted (full of water), but of course then you need a big bucket! |
Well theres the answer lets all get oppis  
------------- Josh Preater
http://www.bu22.co.uk"> BUZZING IS FUN
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Posted By: carshalton fc
Date Posted: 05 Feb 07 at 10:30pm
Originally posted by MRJP BUZZ 585
Originally posted by I luv Wight
Originally posted by Medway Maniac
If boats were just designed with much less buoyancy off the centreline they'd float lower on their sides when capsized with lots of hull immersed, and
a) drift much more slowly,
b) allow you to climb on the c'board more easily, and
c) have less tendency (or need) to invert. |
The Optimist is designed exactly like this - easy to right, easy to get in, stable when righted (full of water), but of course then you need a big bucket! |
Well theres the answer lets all get oppis  
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great choice i always thought that those little kids were having all the fun.
------------- International 14 1503
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