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Standard of Proof? |
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r2d2
Far too distracted from work Joined: 29 Sep 11 Online Status: Offline Posts: 350 |
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Topic: Standard of Proof? Posted: 15 Jun 12 at 8:37am |
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I am afraid this is just playing with words. "heart of hearts" - oh come on - give me strength, the wussies! if the best that can be done is to define it "roughly" then it shouldn't be adopted Edited by r2d2 - 15 Jun 12 at 8:38am |
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gordon
Really should get out more Joined: 07 Sep 04 Online Status: Offline Posts: 1037 |
Post Options Quote Reply Posted: 15 Jun 12 at 8:43am | ||||
On when protests should be heard - the same day. All you need is three sailors and a rule book. An exception could be made for venues were club racing is run for boats from several clubs, in which case a delay of a day or so might be justifiable. I hav never understood why anyone should have to wait for several weeks.
I think Brass has adequately illustrated the cultural influence on rule 69 As a point of fact I have never been involved in a Jury initiated rule 69 hearing - the original report was always from a competitor. I have penalised a boat under rule 2 from a Jury protest - for hitting a mark and sailing on. But we had anounced our intention in a policy document before the event started. |
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Gordon
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gordon
Really should get out more Joined: 07 Sep 04 Online Status: Offline Posts: 1037 |
Post Options Quote Reply Posted: 15 Jun 12 at 8:50am | ||||
If "comfortable satisfaction" is the international standard as used by the Court of Arbitration for Sport, then it seems reasonable that our sport uses the same standard.
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Gordon
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JimC
Really should get out more Joined: 17 May 04 Location: United Kingdom Online Status: Offline Posts: 6649 |
Post Options Quote Reply Posted: 15 Jun 12 at 10:17am | ||||
It would be good, but I've never succeeded in doing it other than for open events, where its normal to stay until the prizegiving. In normal club racing I have never managed it. Quite probably I'm just an incompetent organiser, but by the time I've received a form its probably at least half an hour after the race has finished, more likely an hour. It takes me another quarter of an hour to round up some sort of PC and try and set a time for a hearing. By then at least some of the key participants, esp witnesses, are almost certain to have already gone home, or will claim that they are unable to stay any longer. Between 63.2, 63.3 and natural justice I find it very difficult to hold a hearing on the same day without some people being absent, in which case the hearing would probably end up having to be reopened, which means there wasn't much point in holding it at all. Its going to vary from club to club, but these days where I am relatively few people hang around and socialise after racing for an extended period of time, so there's little opportunity to get a hearing started. I've resorted to trying to hear a protest by email exchange, but it took weeks. In practice each exchange seems to take about three days to get all the replies in. The verdict was then challenged and the hearing reopened, then referred to the RYA, and the whole process took about three months! Edited by JimC - 15 Jun 12 at 10:26am |
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Rupert
Really should get out more Joined: 11 Aug 04 Location: Whitefriars sc Online Status: Offline Posts: 8956 |
Post Options Quote Reply Posted: 15 Jun 12 at 12:28pm | ||||
I can't be the only one who gets a picture in his (or her) head when hearing the words comfortable satisfaction of a large, soft matressed bed and, well, someone friendly in it?
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gordon
Really should get out more Joined: 07 Sep 04 Online Status: Offline Posts: 1037 |
Post Options Quote Reply Posted: 15 Jun 12 at 12:31pm | ||||
It would seem that I frequent clubs where competitors spend more time in the bar.
One improvement would be to have a sheet on the notice board for decalring an intention to protest. Thsi to be completed as competitors come off the water. If the protestor, protestee and witnesses are designated then they know they have to hang around. The protest committee must be ready to hear protests immediately... I have often completed hearing all protests before the end of protest time limit. One asks the protestor to find the protestee, and hearing starts immediately. We have also heard protests in the dinghy park rathe than waiting for a room to be made available. If we have to wait then hearing schedule is posted and it is made very clear that it is competitors responsibility to read the notice and be present. A protest time limit of say 45 mins (for a small inland water) plus 15 mins to post schedule would mean that at the latest protest is heard 1 hour after racing. Once competitors realise that they may be disqualified and that they would need a very good reason for obtaining a re-opening, then they will usually decide to hang around. |
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Gordon
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Brass
Really should get out more Joined: 24 Mar 08 Location: Australia Online Status: Offline Posts: 1146 |
Post Options Quote Reply Posted: 16 Jun 12 at 1:29am | ||||
Perhaps using the RYA Advisory Hearing or Arbitration processes, which only require one Advisor/Arbitrator would help things along.
Caution: I always fear that you don't have a knowledgeable judge with good people skills, to act as Advisor/Arbitrator, these single person methods can go seriously astray and cause more dissatisfaction than they help. Sometimes the sort of people that want to be Rules Advisors are the sort of people who are unsuitable to be Rules Advisors. Using the processes also systematically erodes the protest committee experience within the club, because all the protest work gets concentrated into one person. Edited by Brass - 16 Jun 12 at 1:30am |
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Brass
Really should get out more Joined: 24 Mar 08 Location: Australia Online Status: Offline Posts: 1146 |
Post Options Quote Reply Posted: 16 Jun 12 at 1:36am | ||||
I did not attempt to define it. I just said what, in my opinion it means roughly.
And I'm a bit far down the food-chain to have any say in whether it gets adopted or not.
It probably cannot be defined at all: just like 'reasonable doubt' cannot be defined.
It can be, of course, and is, discussed and explained in legal cases and possibly textbooks. I don't follow the UK law closely, but the jurisprudence on the corresponding Australian concept ('Briginshaw standard') is mountainous. Edited by Brass - 16 Jun 12 at 1:39am |
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ohFFsake
Far too distracted from work Joined: 04 Sep 08 Location: United Kingdom Online Status: Offline Posts: 219 |
Post Options Quote Reply Posted: 16 Jun 12 at 2:03am | ||||
Actually, UK law defines this quite tightly via the "Wednesbury" test. In short, something is considered unreasonable if no reasonable person could ever have arrived at this opinion. When you think that through carefully it's actually a very good test as it invites the judge to consider a variety of other opinions, not just his own. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wednesbury_unreasonableness "Comfortable Satisfaction" to me seems not only more vague, but also more open to abuse, as "reasonableness" or even fairness are no longer considerations. For example, if you had witnessed someone breaking the rules on 10 occasions, then a somewhat shakily evidenced 11th occasion were brought to a hearing, one might feel "Comfortably Satisfied" to see them punished, even though it is eminently possible that a reasonable person might have had doubts over the standard of evidence in that particular case. Seems like a backwards step to me...
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Brass
Really should get out more Joined: 24 Mar 08 Location: Australia Online Status: Offline Posts: 1146 |
Post Options Quote Reply Posted: 16 Jun 12 at 4:32am | ||||
I don't want to split hairs, but I will <g>. We're getting into some quite abstruse legal stuff here.
The concept or 'test' of Wedensbury unreasonableness, with which I am tolerably familiar, is not a definition.
It also does not refer to standards of proof, it refers to standards of reasonableness in government administrative decisions. Let me quote the first paragraph of the headnote of the wiki that you cited:
Associated Provincial Picture Houses Ltd. v Wednesbury Corporation [1947] 1 KB 223[1] is an English law case which set down the standard of unreasonableness of public body decisions which render them liable to be quashed on judicial review. This special sense is accordingly known as Wednesbury unreasonableness.
If you think that it helps you understand what 'reasonable' means, good luck to you, but I would be very cautious about applying it to sailing rules or protests.
If it is adopted, the RYA will undoubtedly produce some of its usual excellent guidance, so I don't think it will be necessary to struggle too much with how it works.
It may be that the concept is firmly established in other European countries (the rules submissions were made by the Danes).
You're bundling too much up together in your example.
A standard of proof (if indeed 'comfortable satisfaction' can be properly described as that) does not apply to one's emotional satisfaction with an outcome.
The standard of proof has to applied to each of the assertions that needs to be proved, one by one, for example:
So when the protest committee is satisfied to the prescribed standard, Balance of probabilities, 'comfortably satisfied', whatever, that each ingredient is proved, then they may conclude that a certain rule has been broken and decide to penalise a boat. It's nothing to do with whether the protest committee or anyone else is 'satisfied' with the decision.
I'm not sure whether you are saying that shifting the rule 69 standard from beyond reasonable doubt to comfortable satisfaction is backward because it diminishes the standard, or because the new standard is less clear than the old one.
If your concern is about diminishing the standard, I really can't say one way or the other: we really won' t know until we see some cases decided.
As to the clarity issue, as I said above, if it comes in, I am sure that the RYA will issue good guidance.
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